Weight Training Among Elderly Males

Advancing duration in men may result in change magnitude serum levels of both androgens (i.e. testosterone) and harvest hormone. While the physiologic features of senescence are certainly of intrinsic interest, they all achieve clinical brilliance when some bodily function undergoes alteration. Clearly, there are operative consequences to the changes which occur in body composition, bone mass, and muscle cogency among hoary men. One general compositional trend, for instance, consists of a imperfect tense decrease in lean body mass. This contraction reflects atrophic developments of skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, spleen, skin, and bone (15:1-5). In addition to decreased strength, the miscellaneous other associated physiological effects include the following: (1) decreased renal blood flow and diminished glomerular filtration roam; and (2) increased adiposity with concomitant adverse effects on blood pressure, glucose clearance, and plasma lipoprotein profiles (14:73-74).

More over, one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality among the elderly consists of osteoporotic prison-breaking. While osteoporosis among men has received less(prenominal) attention than osteoporosis in women, the male disease is to a fault an consequential public health problem (11:133-134). Murphy et al. (1993) estimates that the probability of a man experiencing a broken hip by age 85 year is nearly 5 percent. Further, the age-specific hip fracture incidence rates substantiate more than doubled over the past several decades.

8. Limbird, T. J. anabolic steroids in the training and treatment of athletes. Comprehensive Therapy. 11:25-30; 1985.

Likewise, the physiological interaction between appendage hormone and exercise is also complex. H?kkinen et al. (1985) found that after 24 weeks of physical exercise, subjects' mean GH levels remained unaltered (3:166). Moreover, Pyka et al. (1992) found that, although resistance exercise acutely bear upon GH secretion in young people, the response in elderly men was "profoundly depressed (18:1361)."

The various changes which result from growth hormone deficiency are similar to those observed in senescence.

In such organs as the skin, muscles, kidneys, liver, and digestive tract, GH acts through insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) to stimulate amino acid uptake. This uptake enhances the entailment of numerous bioactive compounds (e.g. deoxyribonucleic acid, proteins, mucopolysaccharides, etc.), and ultimately promotes both cell division and growth. In addition, another action of GH involves the adipocytes. Under normal conditions, GH is constantly fence the action of insulin on adipocytes. In doing so, the hormone not only restrains lipogenesis, it also promotes intracellular lipolysis. Overall, the hormonal action affects the entire beingness: It achieves a somatotropic effect by "shrinking the adipose organ, forbidding the respiratory quotient, and diverting metabolic fuel from adipose tissue paper to the LBM (14:75)."

Obviously, more research is needed to delineate the various mechanisms whereby testosterone, growth hormone, and exercise interact to modulate age-related physiological declines. The elderly demo a heterogenous population. This fact complicates most analyses and makes broad generalization difficult. However, large prospective studies might be able to maintain the beneficial effects of hormonal replacement therapies. Once these benefits have been clearly defined, they can then be compared to the treatmen
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